Your initial Google Workspace account password should have been provided to you by Human Resources during your onboarding appointment. If you don't have that password you can contact HR or the IT Services helpdesk for assistance.
The first time you sign in to your Google account, you will be prompted to change your password and to enable 2-step verification.
You can sign into your account by signing into the Chrome browser or by going to gmail.com or accounts.google.com.
Navigate your browser to https://myaccount.google.com/security or...
From your Gmail window, click on the Google Account icon in the upper right corner and click on 'Manage your Google Account' and then click on 'Security' in the menu on the left of your screen.
Under the section called 'How you sign in to Google' click on '2-Step Verification'.
Click the 'Turn on 2-Step Verification' button.
Enter your mobile phone number and click the 'Next' button.
There are other options for enabling 2-Step Verification with Google. Check out this support article from Google on what those options are and how to use them.
Google will send a verification code to the phone number you entered. You will enter that code into the verification window in your browser and then click the 'Verify' button.
That's it. You have successfully enrolled in 2-Step Verfication and secured your account.